{1}{75}movie info: MP4  704x576 25.0fps 24.6 MB|/SubEdit b.4072 (http://subedit.com.pl)/


{223}{316}A SHORT HISTORY OF PHILANTHROPY
{697}{823}- What do we think about charity?
{834}{}What is philanthropy?
{880}{960}- It is giving donations
{964}{1022}- It is street fundraising
{1026}{1136}- It takes place when the rich help the poor
{1214}{1295}The Greek word philanthropos stands for "the lover of mankind".
{1299}{1494}The first philanthropist was Prometheus, who gave people fire, destining himself to eternal suffering.
{1503}{1637}Already in the 12th century Poland, King Władysław Herman called into being the first Polish charitable foundation,
{1641}{1734}wanting to thank God for a son.
{1789}{1895}Others followed his enlightened example.
{1903}{2009}Apart from rulers, charitable work was done primarily by the Church,
{2013}{2186}which founded hospitals - also performing the charitable function - and parish schools.
{2218}{2373}Polish kings sponsored many outstanding figures from the world of culture.
{2401}{2524}Bolesław III Krzywousty supported Gall Anonim - chronicler,
{2528}{2680}while the mighty Sigismund the Elder was the patron of poet Mikołaj Rej.
{2756}{2948}Piotr Skarga wrote: "A prayer without mercy is like a bird with his wings cut off - he cannot fly".
{2961}{3044}The number of the poor rose significantly in the times of the reformation.
{3048}{3166}Skarga thought that the best way of helping him was to found hospitals,
{3170}{3294}and he encouraged Poles to engage in charitable work.
{3345}{3442}Poland was ethnically and religiously diverse a country.
{3446}{3567}Apart from the Catholic Church, Jewish and Muslim communes,
{3571}{3734}ran their own charitable institutions supporting primarily the poverty-stricken, orphans and widows.
{3738}{3877}In the times of Jan III Sobieski the following monastic orders came to work in Poland:
{3881}{3939}the Piarists, who founded schools for the poor;
{3943}{4042}the Brothers of St. John of God, famous for phytotherapy;
{4046}{4172}Trinitarians, buying out captives from Turkish imprisonment.
{4176}{4387}Marie Louis brought the Sisters of Charity from France, carrying with them new ways to help the poor and orphans.
{4416}{4455}In the age of the Enlightenment Montesquieu propagated the idea that
{4459}{4559}"man is not poor because he has nothing, rather because he does not work".
{4563}{4645}In line with the notion, policing commissions established by the Great Sejm,
{4649}{4782}parliamentary assembly, would bring the unemployed to work.
{4798}{4886}Stanisław Staszic, Julian Ursyn Niemcewicz and others aristocratic families
{4890}{4971}created one of the first philanthropic organizations of the partition times the Warsaw Charitable Association,
{4975}{5143}which ran hostels, day nurseries, inexpensive restaurants, and even a labor office.
{5330}{5403}Artists also supported charitable causes.
{5407}{5575}Young Frederic Chopin gave a charitable concert to raise funds for the Association.
{5696}{5787}The times saw the rise of the tradition of giving Christmas gifts to children and the poorest,
{5788}{5885}and of organizing public fundraising events.
{5990}{6048}Philanthropic work of businesspeople started with the development of industry, in the second half of the 19th century.
{6052}{6188}along with Ludwik Norblin and Teodor Werner. The Kronenbergs,
{6189}{6255}Blochs, Fragets were among the families most active in this field,
{6266}{6480}One of the many monuments of Polish philanthropy is the National Concert Hall in Warsaw,
{6481}{6750}founded by aristocrats and businessmen.
{6899}{6990}Henryk Jordan established modern social initiatives for children and youth.
{6999}{7099}He created a park where they could train their bodies and learn to be self-sustainable.
{7100}{7120}Eugenia Kierbedziowa gave Warsaw the public library building and equipment.
{7125}{7280}Associations, commerce unions and insurance companies were established.
{7580}{7599}Henryk Sienkiewicz was the first chairman of
{7600}{7630}Providence and Aid Fund for Authors and Journalists
{7699}{7760}In the period between World Wars, after Poland had regained its independence, Stefan Żeromski wrote:
{7763}{7790}"The willingness to offer great donations to social causes has almost entirely faded out".
{7791}{7808}Despite the author's pessimistic vision,
{7812}{7990}charitable balls of industry businesspeople were organized.
{8064}{8500}New associations were created such as the Polish Red Cross, the Caritas, dowry and housing funds for the poor.
{8599}{8610}During World War II, just like in the times of partitions,
{8680}{8690}philanthropic work was concentrated on the effort to save lives and cultural heritage.
{8710}{8750}In the land incorporated into the Third Reich social activities were illegal and secretive.
{8767}{8790}Often organizers risked their lives.
{8899}{8980}During the Warsaw Uprising, the Polish Red Cross organized hospitals, makeshift kitchens,
{8989}{8999}fundraising, information and aid to the captives.
{9160}{9250}In the period of dependency the Church
{9258}{9300}played a very important role in the effort to sustain social life.
{9320}{9380}A well organized alternative society was growing in the opposition to state authorities.
{9480}{9599}In the communist republic, since the late 1940s,
{9600}{9689}independent social organizations were being gradually closed.
{9690}{9830}The existing ones were subjected to strict supervision by the socialist welfare state.
{9840}{9900}After 1989 many of the old organizations were resurrected,
{9990}{1199}and some 50 tausends new ones were created, working for the benefit of others,
{10200}{10299}for culture, the natural environment,local development.
{10399}{10599}The few examples from the history of philanthropy demonstrate its importance and diversity.
{10600}{10710}The fire, lit in the mythical times, 
{10719}{10799}will continue to burn as long as there are the philanthropist of contemporary times:
{10800}{10860}individuals donators, businesspeople, and volunteers.
{10890}{10900}Not only money is needed, but also knowledge, work and idea.
{10910}{11900}You can be a philanthropist, too.